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1、陈述句

说明事实或陈述说话人观点的句子。基本结构：主语+谓语+其他

1)肯定陈述句 We all like pandas very much.

2)否定陈述句 He doesn’t do housework at weekends

3)肯定陈述句改否定陈述句

①一般是在be动词或情态动词后加not。

Mary was at school yesterday. —> Mary was not at school yesterday.

I can make a model plane. —>I can not make a model plane.

②不含be动词或情态动词的，行为动词前要用助动词的否定式(don’t，doesn’t，didn’t)，后面跟动词的原形。

He likes drawing pictures.—>He doesn’t like drawing pictures.

I went to the park yesterday. —>I didn’t go to the park yesterday.

4)陈述句改一般疑问句

①有be动词或情态动词的，把be动词或情态动词提前。

Mary was at school yesterday. —> Was Mary at school yesterday?

I can make a model plane. —> Can you make a model plane?

②不含be动词或情态动词的句子，借助助动词开头，动词还原成原形。

He likes drawing pictures.—>Does he like drawing pictures.

I went to the park yesterday. —>Did you go to the park yesterday?

2、疑问句

用来提出问题，询问情况的句子，末尾用问号。

1)一般疑问句：一般疑问句常用来询问一件事是否属实，通常以be动词，助动词或情态动词开头，用yes或no来回答，因此又叫是非疑问句，通常读升调。

—Is Mr Green from the UK? —Yes，he is. / No，he isn’t.

—Do you have any hobbies? —Yes，I do. / No，I don’t.

—Can you play the guitar? —Yes，I can. / No，I can’t.

2)特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词引导，要求回答具体问题，不能用yes或no来回答。—How do you go to work every day? —I go to work by car.

3)选择疑问句：提供两种或两种以上情况，让对方选择，往往用or连接。

—Would you like some tea or coffee? —Some coffee, please.

4)反意疑问句：反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。

—It’s a fine day, isn’t it? — Yes ,it is.

3、祈使句

表示请求或命令别人做某事或不做某事。

1)用于第二人称，通常省略you。

①肯定祈使句：Open the door, please.

②否定祈使句：Don’t be late again.

2)用于第一人称和第三人称，通常以let(let后跟宾格)或shall开头。

Let me have a look. Let’s play a game now. Let him go home now.

Shall we meet at one thirty in front of the Garden Theatre?

4、感叹句

表达喜怒哀乐等强烈感情，句尾常用感叹号(!)，语气用降调。

1)what + 名词或名词性短语

What a big garden (it is)!

What an interesting storybook (it is) !

What lovely weather (it is)!

What pretty girls (they are)!

2)how +形容词或副词+主语+动词

How nice!

How beautiful the flowers are!

How tall Yao Ming is!

5、there be 句型 表示在某地有某人或某物。

1)主语是单数，be动词用is(was);主语是复数，be动词用are(were)。

There is some milk in the fridge.

There are some peaches in the basket.

2)如果有几个不同的人或物并列存在，be动词根据最靠近的那个名词而定。

There isa ruler and five knives in the pencil case.

There arefive knives and a ruler in the pencil case.

3)there be句型和have/has区别：

there be句型表示某地有某人或某物;

have/has表示某人有某物。has用于第三人称单数，其余人称和数用have。

There are some English books on the desk.

I have some English books.